نویسندگان
1
دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی تربیت مدرس، نور، ایران
2
استاد گروه علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی تربیت مدرس، مسئول نویسنده، ایران، نور
چکیده
یکی از مشکلات مهم مطالعات منابع آب، تخمین توزیع مکانی بارندگی بر اساس مشاهدات نقطهای میباشد. در پژوهش حاضر با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی، ارزیابی روشهای درونیابی شامل روشهای آمارکلاسیک (عکس فاصلهی وزنی، توابع پایه شعاعی، چند جملهای عام، چند جملهای محلی) و روشهای زمینآماری (کریجینگ و کوکریجینگ) بهمنظور تخمین بارندگی ماهانه و سالانه در حوزهآبخیز دریاچه نمک و بررسی تغییرات مکانی آنها در محدوده زمانی سال آبی 1367-1366 تا 1396-1395 انجام شد. در این پژوهش، بهمنظور مقایسه روشهای درونیابی در تهیه نقشه همباران حوزهآبخیز دریاچه نمک، از110 ایستگاه هواشناسی در داخل حوزهآبخیز مذکور با طول دوره آماری 30 ساله استفاده شد. نتایج اعتبارسنجی نشان داد بهطور کلی در دادههای سالانه با توجه به شاخص ریشه میانگین مربعات خطا (RMSE) روشهای زمینآماری کوکریجینگ و کریجینگ بهترتیب در رتبه اول و دوم بهترین برآورد را از بارندگی به دست میدهند بهطوریکه در دادههای سالانه روش کوکریجینگ با RMSE، 68/63 میلیمتر بهترین برآورد را داشته است. همچنین در دادههای ماهانه روشهای توابع پایه شعاعی، کوکریجینگ و کریجینگ بهترین برآورد را از بارندگی داشتند. بهطور کلی در اکثر موارد روشهای زمینآماری در تخمین بارندگی ماهانه و سالانه حوزهآبخیز دریاچه نمک بیشتخمینی داشتهاند.
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