ضرورت عدالت محیط‌زیستی در آبخیزداری.

نویسندگان
وحید بیرانوندی 1
محمد طاوسی 1
سید حمیدرضا صادقی 2
1 دانشجویان دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
2 استاد گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس
چکیده
امروزه حوزه‌های آبخیز با مسائل محیط‌زیستی مختلفی مواجه هستند. عواملی ازجمله سازمان‌دهی ضعیف در بخش‌های دولتی، فقدان ساختارهای مدیریتی مناسب، بی‌توجهی به عوامل تهدیدکننده صلح و امنیت بین‌المللی هم‌چنین تغییرات اقلیمی، حقوق حاکم بر حفاظت خاک و آب، مجموعه قوانین حاکم بر جنگل­ها و مراتع، ضعف در فعالیت­‌های کشاورزی و عدم توجه به جایگاه حیوانات مانع دستیابی حوزه‌­های آبخیز به توسعه پایدار است. از سوی دیگر فقدان و یا نقص در قوانین مربوط به عدالت محیط­زیستی سبب تشدید این تنش‌­ها شده است. ازاین‌رو پژوهش، حاضر به‌منظور بررسی قوانین مرتبط با عدالت محیط‎زیستی در بخش‌­های مختلف حوزه آبخیز و عوامل وابسته به آن در سطوح ملی، بین‌­المللی و شناسایی نقاط ضعف موجود در قوانین برای برآورد نیاز مردم بدون آسیب‌رسانی به نیازهای آیندگان به روش توصیفی‌ تحلیلی، تدوین‌شده است. نتایج حاصل از پژوهش نشان می‌دهد که تنها راه ارتقا وضعیت نابسامان حوزه‌­های آبخیز در سطح جهان، گسترش سایه همدلی بین دولت­‌های مختلف بر پایه حفاظت از محیط‌زیست از طریق اصلاح قوانین و مدیریت اصولی  بر مبنای حفظ احترام به عدالت محیط‌زیست و عناصر آن است. هم‌چنین فعالیت‌های توسعه پایدار برمبنای رضایت‌­مندی منطقه‌­ای در حوزه‌­های آبخیز مبتنی بر دستیابی به نیازهای اقتصادی-اجتماعی و فرهنگی واقعی بشر پایه‌گذاری خواهد شد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
توسعه پایدار
حقوق بشر
فرهنگ منابع طبیعی
مدیریت جامع آبخیز

عنوان مقاله English

Necessity of Environmental Justice in Watershed Management

نویسندگان English

V. Beiranvandi 1
M. Tavosi 1
Seyed Hamidreza Sadeghi 2
2 Professor, Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor 4641778489, Iran
چکیده English

Today, watersheds are facing various environmental issues. Factors such as weak organization in government sectors, lack of appropriate management structures, disregard for factors threatening international peace and security as well as climate change, rights governing soil and water protection, set of laws governing forests and pastures, weakness in agricultural activities and not paying attention to the right of animals prevent watersheds from achieving sustainable development. On the other hand, the lack or defect in the laws related to environmental justice has aggravated these tensions. Therefore, the current research has been compiled by examining the laws related to environmental justice at the national and international levels, in order to identify the weak points in the laws, in order to estimate the needs of the people without harming the needs of future generations in a descriptive-analytical method. The results of the research showed that the only way to improve the disordered state of watersheds in the world is to spread the shade of empathy between different countries based on environmental protection through the amendment of laws and principled management based on maintaining respect for the environment and its elements. From the results, it is also recommended to establish activities related to sustainable development based on the common relationships of physical-social and cultural aspects of humans with other components of nature.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Human Rights
Integrated Watershed Management
Natural Resources Culture
Sustainable Development
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