چکیده
مدیریت صحیح منابع آبوخاک در یک حوزه آبخیز مستلزم شناخت پتانسیل تولید رسوب و رواناب است. ضمن اینکه، سالانه هزاران تن خاک حاصلخیز از اراضی مختلف کشور در اثر فرسایش خاک از دسترس خارجشده و با هدر رفت آب و انباشت در مناطق رسوبگذاری موجب بروز خسارت قابلملاحظهای میشوند. در این راستا، مهار فرسایش خاک و رواناب به توان بومسازگانها در حفظ خاک و آب اشاره دارد. لذا، پژوهش حاضر باهدف ارزیابی اثربخشی اجرای طرحهای آبخیزداری (1397-1376) بر میزان فرسایش خاک و دبی سیلابی حوزه آبخیز چهلخانه برنامهریزیشده است. فرسایش خاک و دبی سیلابی به ترتیب با استفاده از روش MPSIC و SCS برآورد شد. یافتههای پژوهش نشان میدهد اجرای طرحهای آبخیزداری منجر به کاهش فرسایش خاک و رسوب (4/30 و 1/80 تن بر هکتار) نسبت به قبل از اجرای عملیات آبخیزداری (6/05 و 2/30 تن بر هکتار) شده است. همچنین، با افزایش دوره بازگشت سیلابها، اثربخشی طرحهای آبخیزداری در مهار سیلاب حوضه و کاهش دبی و حجم سیلاب افزایش مییابد.
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