نویسندگان
1
دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشکده مرتع و آبخیزداری، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، ایران
2
دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان، گرگان، ایران.
چکیده
چکیده
فرسایش خاک و تخریب اراضی از مشکلات جدی تلقی میشود، بهمنظور اجرای برنامههای حفاظت و کنترل فرسایش خاک و کاهش رسوبدهی ضروری است که حجم کل بار رسوبی و شدت فرسایشپذیری در حوزههای آبخیز مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد. بر این اساس هدف اصلی این مطالعه ارزیابی میزان فرسایش خاک با استفاده از یک مدل تجربی یعنی مدل پتانسیل فرسایش (EPM) است. منطقه موردمطالعه زیر حوضه چهلگزی استان کردستان بهعنوان یکی از زیر حوضههای تأمین آب سد قشلاق است. در این پژوهش با استفاده از نرمافزار ArcGIS به ترتیب به تهیه نقشه ضرایب فرسایش خاک (مشاهدهای)، حساسیت سنگ و خاک، شیب حوضه، کاربری اراضی و شدت فرسایش پرداخته شد و در ادامه با استفاده از ضرایب موجود و همچنین ضرایب دما و بارندگی منطقه، نقشه فرسایش کل حوضه بر اساس دستورالعمل مدل تهیه شد. نتایج مطالعه گویای این بود که طبقهبندی خطر فرسایش در حوضه دارای چهار وضعیت کم، متوسط، شدید و بسیار شدید میباشد که ٤٩/٦٣ درصد زیر حوضه در وضعیت خطر فرسایش زیاد و بسیار زیاد میباشد. درنهایت، نقشه خطر فرسایش پیشنهادی با مدل مذکور، میتواند علاوه بر غنای مطالعاتی زیر حوضه، محققان و تصمیم گیران را در طراحی و اجرای مداخلات مؤثر مدیریت آبوخاک در منطقه موردمطالعه کمک نماید.
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