تحلیل آلودگی رسوبات به عناصر سنگین در حوضه زشک- ابرده، استان خراسان رضوی

نویسندگان
محمد معتمدی راد
محمد رضا یوسفی روشن
گروه آموزش جغرافیا، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران
چکیده
آلودگی محیط­زیست به فلزات سنگین یکی از مسائل و تهدیدات انسانی و محیطی اجتناب‌ناپذیری است که جوامع بشری با آن روبرو است. پژوهش حاضر به ارزیابی میزان آلودگی رسوب‌­های حوزه آبریز زشک- ابرده به 11 عنصر سنگین (آرسنیک، کادمیوم، کبالت، کروم، مس، آهن، مولبیدن، نیکل، سرب، وانادیوم و آلومینیوم) پرداخته است. برای سنجش آلودگی از عامل‌هایی نظیر غنی­شدگی، ضریب آلودگی، درجه آلودگی اصلاح‌شده، ضریب بار آلودگی، زمین انباشتگی و ریسک بوم‌شناختی استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از محاسبه عامل غنی­‌شدگی و ضریب آلودگی حاکی از آن است که عناصر موردبررسی، بدون غنی‌شدگی و یا غنی‌شدگی اندکی در منطقه دارند. با توجه به عامل آلودگی اصلاح‌شده نیز می‌­توان گفت همه مقادیر زیر 1/5 بوده و در رده بدون آلودگی تا آلودگی کم قرار می‌گیرند. ضریب بار آلودگی نیز نشان از این دارد که  نمونه‌­ها در حوضه موردمطالعه آلودگی خاصی را نشان نمی­‌دهند. نتایج عامل زمین انباشتگی بیان‌گر این است که تمامی عناصر موردمطالعه در منطقه مطالعاتی دارای مقادیر کم‌تر از صفر است که در طبقه بدون آلودگی قرار می‌گیرند. با توجه به ضریب پتانسیل ریسک بوم­شناسی حوضه دارای پتانسیل ریسک کم است. مقدار عامل ریسک بوم‌شناسی 87/13 به دست آمد که بر این اساس می­‌توان گفت که وضعیت ریسک اکولوژیک رسوبات منطقه موردمطالعه به عناصر سنگین کم می‌­باشد. با توجه به این‌که منطقه مطالعاتی از مناطق هدف گردشگری است و فعالیت­‌های انسانی می‌­تواند باعث افزایش غلظت عناصر در رسوبات شود، باید برای کنترل آلودگی، برنامه­‌ریزی­‌های حفاظتی و مدیریتی صورت پذیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
آلودگی
فلزات سنگین
زشک- ابرده
غنی‌شدگی
ریسک بوم‌شناختی

عنوان مقاله English

Analyzing the Sediment Pollution by Heavy Metals in Zoshk-Abardeh Basin, Razavi Khorasan Province

نویسندگان English

mohammad motamedirad
Mohammad Reza yousefi roshan
Department of Geography Education, Farhangian University,Tehran, Iran,
چکیده English

Environmental pollution with heavy metals is one of the inevitable human and environmental issues and threats that human societies are facing. The present research has evaluated the pollution level of Zoshk-Abardeh catchment basin with 11 heavy elements (Arsenic, Cadmium, Cobalt, Chromium, Copper, Iron, Molibden, Nickel, Lead, Vanadium and Aluminum). In this research, indicators such as enrichment factor, contamination factor, modified contamination degree, pollution load index, Geoaccumulation index and ecological risk index were used to measure pollution. The results of the calculation of the enrichment factor and contamination factor indicate that the studied elements have no enrichment or little enrichment in the region. According to the modified contamination degree, it can be said that all values ​​are below 1.5 and are in the category of no pollution to low pollution. The pollution load index also shows that the samples in the study area do not show any specific pollution. The results of the Geoaccumulation index indicate that all the studied elements in the study area have values ​​less than zero, which are in the non-polluted class. According to the coefficient of ecological risk potential, the basin has a low risk potential. The value of the ecological risk index was 87.13 that it can be said the ecological risk status of sediments in the studied area is low due to heavy elements. Considering that the study area is one of the target areas for tourism and human activities can increase the concentration of elements in sediments, protective and management planning should be done to control pollution.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

pollution
heavy metals
Zoshk-Abardeh
enrichment
ecological risk
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