تأثیرپذیری پارامترهای کیفی از تغییرات سطح تراز آب زیرزمینی در حوزه آبخیز زرند استان کرمان

نویسندگان
سید مسعود سلیمان‌پور 1
سکینه لطفی نسب 2
امید رحمتی 3
محبوبه معتمدنیا 4
1 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج
2 استادیار بخش تحقیقات بیابان، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.
3 استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کردستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و
4 نویسنده‌ی مسئول و کارشناس آبخیزداری اداره منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری شهرستان بهاباد، یزد، ایران.
چکیده
به‌منظور پایش دقیق وضعیت منابع آب زیرزمینی و مدیریت بهینه آن ضروری است که نوسانات تراز سطح آب زیرزمینی و به دنبال آن، تأثیرپذیری کیفیت آب مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد. پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی نوسانات سطح تراز آب زیرزمینی بر کیفیت آن در حوزه آبخیز زرند واقع در استان کرمان انجام‌شده است. به همین منظور، ویژگی 14 پارامتر کیفی آب زیرزمینی از جمله غلظت کاتیون‌های سدیم، پتاسیم، کلسیم و منیزیم، غلظت آنیون‌های کلر، سولفات، کربنات و بی‌کربنات، نسبت جذب سدیم، درصد سدیم، سختی کل، کل مواد جامد محلول، اسیدیته و هدایت الکتریکی، طی بازه‌ی زمانی 82-1381 تا 98-1397 مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. با توجه به این‌که کیفیت آب زیرزمینی تحت تأثیر کمیت آن قرار می‌گیرد؛ تغییرات پارامترهای کیفی آب با توجه به سطح تراز سفره‌ی زیرزمینی بررسی شد. مطابق نتایج، رابطه‌ی خطی معنی‌داری میان EC و TDS با میزان R2 بالای 0/9 وجود دارد. پایش تغییرات شوری در طول زمان نشان داد که در بازه‌ی زمانی موردمطالعه، روند تغییرات شوری در این حوزه آبخیز، افزایشی بوده است. نمودار کموگراف به‌منظور بررسی رابطه‌ی میان پارامترهای کیفی و سطح تراز آب زیرزمینی نشان داد که آبخوان با 19/32 متر افت مواجه شده است که افزایش شوری 229/37 میکرو زیمنس بر سانتی‌متر را در پی داشته است. هم‌چنان که بررسی تغییرات شوری و سطح تراز آب به تفکیک سال، نشان‌دهنده‌ی رابطه‌ی منفی (0/007) میان دو پارامتر است و از لحاظ آماری قابل‌قبول نمی‌باشد. یافته‌های پژوهش حاضر می‌تواند اطلاعات مهمی را برای بهبود راهبردها مدیریت آب، برای اطمینان از مدیریت پایدار آب و استفاده ایمن ارائه دهد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
بیلان آبی
سطح تراز
شوری آب
کیفیت آب
نمودار کموگراف

عنوان مقاله English

The Influence of Qualitative Parameters on Changes in the Level of Underground Water Level in Zarand Watershed, Kerman Province

نویسندگان English

Seyed Masoud Soleimanpour 1
S. Lotfinasab 2
O. Rahmati 3
Mahbobeh motamednia 4
1 Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
2 .
3 Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran.
4 .
چکیده English

In order to closely monitor the state of groundwater resources and their optimal management, it is necessary to assess the fluctuations in groundwater levels, and then the influence of water quality. The current research was carried out with the aim of studying the fluctuations of groundwater level on its quality in Zarand watershed in Kerman province. For this purpose, the properties of 14 qualitative parameters of groundwater are studied, including the concentration of Na, K, Ca and Mg, the concentration of Cl-, So4, Co3-2 and HCO3 anions, SAR, sodium percentage, TH, TDS, pH and Ec for the area studied were assessed in the period from 2002-2003 to 2018-2019. Since the quality of groundwater depends on its quantity, changes in the quality parameters of water depending on the level of the aquifer were examined in the watershed. According to the results, there is a significant linear relationship between EC and TDS with R2 above 0.9. Monitoring salinity changes over time showed that the trend of salinity changes in this area increased over the studied period. To study the relationship between the qualitative parameters and the level of the groundwater table, the chemograph chart showed that the aquifer experienced a drop of 19.32 m, resulting in an increase in salinity of 229.37 µS/cm. The study of salinity and water level changes per year also shows a negative relationship (0.007) between the two parameters and is not acceptable from a statistical point of view. The results of this study can provide important information for the development of water management strategies and ensure sustainable management and safe use of water.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Water balance
Level
Water salinity
Water quality
Chemograph chart
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