نویسندگان
1
دانش آموخته ارشد سازه های آبی
2
دانش آموخته دکتری علوم مرتع، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی ساری
چکیده
آبخیزداری و آبخوانداری یکی از کارآمدترین روشهای مدیریت پایدار سرزمین است. در پژوهش حاضر اثربخشی اقتصادی و اجتماعی اجرای پروژههای آبخیزداری در زیرحوضه گلورد، حوزه آبخیز نکارود، شهرستان نکا مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. جامعه آماری این پژوهش شامل 2775 خانوار و حجم نمونه 280 نفر از سرپرستان خانوار بود. تجزیه تحلیل دادههای حاصل از پژوهش با استفاده از نرمافزار SPSS انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثرگذاری اقدامات آبخیزداری در جلوگیری از کاهش خسارات سیل و میزان رضایت از عملیات مکانیکی و بیومکانیکی اجراشده در منطقه دارای بالاترین اولویتها ازنظر میانگین رتبهای میباشند. بررسی ضرایب همبستگی نشان داد که بین اجرای عملیات آبخیزداری و ایجاد انگیزه نزد ساکنین روستا برای ماندن در روستا و کاهش مهاجرت از روستا همبستگی بالایی (0/60= R2، 0/01 = P-value) وجود دارد. نتایج آزمون کروسکال والیس نشان داد که بین تأثیر فعالیتهای آبخیزداری بر بهبود وضعیت زندگی مردم در رابطه با نحوه مشارکت و نوع مشارکت پاسخگویان در اقدامات اجرایی اختلاف معنیداری وجود ندارد (1/32= Chi-Square، 0/72 = P-value). جمعبندی نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد که فعالیتهای آبخیزداری در این حوزه آبخیز سبب بهبود وضعیت زندگی مردم شد و انگیزه ساکنین روستا برای ماندن در روستا و کاهش مهاجرت از روستا را افزایش داده است.
- Abdolahzadeh, G.H., Ranjbari Share, S., and Rahimi, R.A. 2017. Investigating the impact of watershed management projects on quality of life in rural areas of Babol County. Space Geography, 17(59): 121-142. (In Persian)
- Alemayehu, F., Nurhussen, T., Nyssen, J., Atkilt, G., Zenebe, A., Mintesinot, B., Deckers, S. and Poesen, J. 2009. The impacts of watershed management on land use and land cover dynamics in Eastern Tigray (Ethiopia). Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 53(4): 192-198.
- Arabkhedri, M. 2014. A Review on Major Water Erosion Factors in Iran. Journal of Land management, 2(1):17-26. (In Persian)
- Baghaei, M., Chizari, M., Pezeshkirad, G.H., and Feali, S. 2008. Personal and social factors influencing rural participation of hone Jans Zar Cheshme catchments in watershed management. Iran Agricultural Extension and education Journal, 1(4):73-87. (In Persian).
- Bagherian, R., Goodarzi, M., Sanaei Torgabah, M., and Bagherian Kalat, A. 2017. Investigation on dimensions of people's participation in watershed management programs; using factor analysis. Iran watershed management science and engineering, 11(36): 1-7. (In Persian)
- Baniasadi, M., Hajsedalikhani, N. 2018. Assesment of watershed management project on flood mitigation in Baft province (Dare Morid catchment). Journal of Irrigation and Water Engineering, 8(2):211-226. (In Persian)
- Bhardwaj, P., Sharma, T. and Singh, O. 2021. Impact evaluation of watershed management programmes in Siwalik Himalayas of Haryana, India. Environ Dev Sustain 23, 5251–5276.
- Dabiri, R., Abghari, H., and Ghorbani, A. 2023. Effectiveness of Watershed Operations in Controlling Erosion and Sedimentation Using MPSIAC Experimental Model (Case Study: Saqezchi-Chay Watershed, Ardabil Province). Journal of Geography, Urban and Regional studies, 47:184-201
- Darabi, M., Malekinezhadm H., Talebi, A., and Heidari, M. Assessment of watershed management performance on flooding status in Sivand Dam, Fars province. Hydrogeomorphology, 6(23): 83-105. (In Persian)
- Dastranj, A., Noor, H., Rostami, M., and Chezgi, J. 2021. Evaluating the effectiveness of flood spreading scheme from the perspective of marginal communities (Case study: Jajarm flood spreading). Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, 9 (1): 21-30. (In Persian)
- Hasani H., and Maleki M. 2019. Socio-economic impact assessment of watershed plans implemented from the perspective of stakeholders (Case Study: Hasan abdal Basin- Zanjan Province). Iranian Journal of watershed management science, 13(45): 54-62. (In Persian)
- Eckman, K; Gregerson, H, M., and Lundgren, A. L. 2000. Watershed management and sustainable development: Lessons learned and future directions. Land Stewardship in the 21st century: the contributions of watershed management, 37-43.
- Ffolliott, P.F., Baker, M.B., Edminster, C.B., Dillon, M.C., and Kora, K.L. 2002. Land stewardship through watershed management: perspectives for the 21st century. Springer Science & Business Media., New York, 137p.
- Hasani, H., and Maleki, M. 2019. Evaluation of the socio-economic effects of watershed management projects implemented from the point of view of stakeholders (case study: Hassan Abdal watershed, Zanjan province). Iranian Journal of Watershed Science and Engineering, 13(45): 54- 62 (In Persian).
- Karimi Sangchini, E., and Alvandi, E. 2022. Socio-economic effects of implemented projects of watershed management from the experts perspective in Rimeleh watershed, Lorestan province. Available online 21 June. (In Persian)
- Khani, R., and Nasrollahi, Z. 2014. The impact of population growth on innovation in selected developing. Quarterly Journal of the macro and strategic policies, 1(1), 4:87-106. (In Persian)
- Kolahi, M., and Payeste, M. 2020. Impacts of natural resource projects on socioeconomic issues of villagers at ChahNouroz watershed. Journal of Watershed Management Research, 11(21):154-164. (In Persian)
- Mehrdoust, KH., Shams, A., and Karami dehkordi, E. 2014. Effective factors on rural people participation in watershed management projects (Case study: Dorod Faraman & Lal Abad, Kermanshah province). Iraninan Journal of Agricultural economics and development research, 44(3):339-409. (In Persian)
- Mohamadi Golrang, B., Ghodosi, J., and Mashayekhi, M. 2005. Economic evaluation of watershed management operations carried out in the watershed of dams (case study: Shahid Yagoubi dam watershed - Torbat Heydarieh, Razavi Khorasan). Geographical Research, 86:93-110. (In Persian)
- Mostaffaie, J., Nikkami, D., and Salehpour Jam, A. 2019. Watershed management in Iran: history, evolution and future needs. Watershed Engineering and Management, 11(2): 283-300. (In Persian)
- Norali, M., and Ghahreman, B., 2016. Assessment of watershed management projects on floodh using HEC-HMS model (case Study: Goosh-Bahreh Watershed). Journal of Watershed Management Research, 7(13):60-71. (In Persian)
- Sadeghi, H.R., Sharifi, F., Forotan, A., and Rezae, M. 2013. Quantitative evaluation of the performance of watershed measures (case study: Kashgar sub-watershed). Research and construction in natural resources, 65: 96-102. (In Persian)
- Saeidian, H. 2021. An overview of some used watershed management methods and smart future methods in Iran and the world. Water Conservation and productivity, 2(3): 41-52. (In Persian)
- Shafaghati, M., Hoseinpoor A., and Nasrolahi, S. 2019. Introduction of local knowledge on watershed Management and aquaculture in Iran (Case study of Hormozgan Province). Journal of Rainwater Catchment Systems, 7 (1): 45-52. (In Persian)
- Soleimanpour, S.M., and Moatamednia, M. 2019. Urban watershed management role in urban sustainable development with emphasis on runoff management. Journal of Extension and Development of Watershed Managment, 7(24): 46-55. (In Persian)
- Teimuri Kuhsar, Z., Khosravani, F., Azizpoor Fard, F.A., and Farhadian, H. Determining of Sustainable Behavior Ranchers in Galikesh Township by Food Security Approaches. Journal of Agricultural Economics Research, 9 (35): 261-282.
- Thornton, P.K., Boone, R.B., and Ramirez-Villegasm J. 2015. Climate change impacts on livestock. CCAFS Working Paper no.120. Copenhagen, Denmark: CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security.
- Wang, G., Mang, Sh., CAI, H., Liu, Sh., Zhang, Z., Wang, L., and Innes, J.L. 2016. Integrated watershed management: evolution, development and emerging trends. Journal of forestry research, 27:967-994.
- Zarei, M., Azmoodeh, A., Amirnezhad, H., and Pirnia, A. 2013. Investigation of Effective Factors on Utilizes Non-Communion in the Watershed Management Projects (Case Study: Berenjestanak Catchment). Economics of Natural Resources, 2(1), 63-72. (In Persian)