بررسی اثر احداث بندهای گابیونی روی دبی اوج و مشخصات هیدرولیکی جریان رودخانه

نویسندگان
امیر مرادی نژاد 1
علی اکبر داودی راد 1
امید اخوندی 2
1 استادیار بخش آبخیزداری و حفاظت خاک مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان مرکزی.
2 رئیس بخش آبخیزداری اداره کل منابع طبیعی استان مرکزی
چکیده
فرسایش و انتقال رسوب از پدیده‌های مهم رودخانه‌ای است و در طرح‌های مهندسی رودخانه و ساماندهی از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. تغییرات مورفولوژیکی که در اثر احداث سازه‌های متقاطع در مسیر جریان اتفاق می‌افتد، درواقع پاسخ رودخانه در جهت ایجاد تعادل بین فرایند فرسایش و رسوب‌گذاری است؛ بنابراین قبل از اینکه هرگونه سازه‌ای در مسیر رودخانه احداث گردد، بایستی عکس­العمل رودخانه مورد ارزیابی قرار گیرد. در پژوهش حاضر شرایط هیدرولیکی رودخانه در مسیری به طول 5 کیلومتر از رودخانه‌ی کبودکمر زرند ساوه در استان مرکزی قبل و بعد از احداث سازه‌های هیدرولیکی در مسیر جریان با استفاده از داده‌های هندسی 200 مقطع عرضی در نرم‌افزارHEC-RAS  مورد مدل­سازی قرار گرفت. پارامترهای هیدرولیکی جریان شامل تراز سطح آب، عرض سطح آب، سرعت جریان و تنش برشی بستر، عدد فرود، عمق هیدرولیکی، سرعت قبل و بعد از احداث سازه­ها مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در حالت ایجاد سازه و انسدادی با نزدیک شدن جریان به بند، از سرعت جریان کاسته، درحالی‌که پس از عبور از روی بند، سرعت جریان افزایش پیدا می­کند. بنابراین در این حالت، فرسایش بعد از روگذر افزایش خواهد یافت. در حالت بدون بند، سرعت جریان قبل از رسیدن به مقطعی که در حالت انسداد دارای روگذر بود تقریباً ثابت است ولی پس از عبور از این مقطع سرعت جریان افزایش می­یابد. احداث بندهای گابیونی در حوضه آبریز رودخانه باعث کاهش دبی اوج سیلاب‌های با دوره بازگشت‌­های مختلف شده است. با افزایش دوره بازگشت تأثیر آن‌ها در کاهش و کنترل سیلاب کاهش می­یابد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
سیل
رودخانه
مدل‌سازی
مدل‌سازی جریان
کبودکمر

عنوان مقاله English

Effect of gabion dam construction on peak discharge and hydraulic characteristics of river flow

نویسندگان English

Amir Moradinejad 1
aliakbar davodirad 1
omid Akhondi 2
1 Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Markazi Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO, Arak, Iran.
2 The head of the watershed department of the General Department of Natural Resources of Markazi Province.
چکیده English

Erosion and sediment transport is an important river phenomenon and is very important for river engineering and management projects. The morphological changes that occur due to the construction of cross structures in the flow path are the response of the river to establishing a balance between erosion and sedimentation. Therefore, the reaction of the river should be evaluated before any structure is built along the river. In the current study, the hydraulic conditions of the river in a 5 km long path from the Kabudkamer River in Zarand Saveh in Central Province before and after the construction of hydraulic structures in the flow path were modeled using the geometric data of 200 cross sections in the HEC-RAS software. Hydraulic parameters such as water level, water surface width, flow velocity, bed shear stress, Froude number, hydraulic depth, and velocity were evaluated before and after device construction. The results showed that in the case of creating a structure and obstruction, the flow speed decreases as the flow approaches the dam, while after passing over the dam, the flow speed increases. Therefore, in this case, the erosion will increase after the overpass. In the absence of a barrier, the flow speed was almost constant before reaching the section with an overpass in the blocked state, but after passing this section, the flow speed increased. The construction of gabion dams in river basins has reduced the peak flow of floods with different return periods. As the return period increases, their effect on the reduction and control of floods decreases.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Blue back
Flood
Flow modeling
River
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  2. Chazegi, J., Sohaili, A., Niazi, Y.and Jahanbakhshi, F. Locating and prioritizing suitable areas for the construction of corrective stone mesh dams using the ANP model (Study area of Targ watershed). Extension and Development of Watershed Management. 5(19): 11-18.
  3. Dasturani, M.T., Yousefi, M., Soltani, M.and Pourshariati, R. Investigating the effect of sediment dams in reducing the flood discharge of watersheds (case study: Yazd Monshad watershed).Proceedings of the 8th National Watershed Science and Engineering Conference, May 27 and 28, Lorestan University, p9 (In Persian).
  4. Ghazi mahale, M.A., Najafinejad, A.and Nora, N. Investigating the performance of Nokandeh multi-purpose structure in Golestan province in flood control with HEC-HMS model. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Volume 15, Number 1. (In Persian).
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  8. Kabir, A., Najafinejad, A., Hemetzadeh, Y.and Korkinejad, M.Investigating the construction of corrective dams on concentration time (Case study: Rudbar-Qashlaq watershed, Golestan province, Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 14. (In Persian).
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  15. Parsa Mehr, M. R. Investigating the efficiency of the correctional structure in collecting sediment, a case study of Ghaz watershed in Kordkoi city.Master's thesis of Watershed Science and Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (In Persian).
  16. Rogani, M. Investigating the role of water and soil protection structures in the control and storage of runoff (a case study in Haidari watershed).Watershed researches (research and development), 96: 36-44. (In Persian).
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Yoshikawa, N., Nagao, N. and Misawa, S. 2010. Evaluation of the flood mitigation effect of a Paddy Field Dam project. Agricultural Water Management, 97(2): 259 -270.

  1. Bani Habib, MA., Jamali, FA. Determining the approach to flood control for an urban river, the third national conference on flood management and engineering (In Persian).
  2. Chazegi, J., Sohaili, A., Niazi, Y.and Jahanbakhshi, F. Locating and prioritizing suitable areas for the construction of corrective stone mesh dams using the ANP model (Study area of Targ watershed). Extension and Development of Watershed Management. 5(19): 11-18.
  3. Dasturani, M.T., Yousefi, M., Soltani, M.and Pourshariati, R. Investigating the effect of sediment dams in reducing the flood discharge of watersheds (case study: Yazd Monshad watershed).Proceedings of the 8th National Watershed Science and Engineering Conference, May 27 and 28, Lorestan University, p9 (In Persian).
  4. Ghazi mahale, M.A., Najafinejad, A.and Nora, N. Investigating the performance of Nokandeh multi-purpose structure in Golestan province in flood control with HEC-HMS model. Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Volume 15, Number 1. (In Persian).
  5. Gul, G.O., Harmancioglu, N. and Gul, A. 2010. A combined hydrologic and hydraulic modeling approach for testing efficiency of structural flood control measures. Natural Hazards, 54: 245-260.
  6. Jamshidi, R. Investigating the effect of flood control structures on reducing flood peaks in urban catchments.Master's thesis in watershed management, Mazandaran University (In Persian).
  7. Jamshidi, R., Shokohi, A.and Mamizadeh, M. 2008.Optimizing the location of the delay dam using the area of the upstream basin.The 4th National Congress of Civil Engineering (In Persian).
  8. Kabir, A., Najafinejad, A., Hemetzadeh, Y.and Korkinejad, M.Investigating the construction of corrective dams on concentration time (Case study: Rudbar-Qashlaq watershed, Golestan province, Journal of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, 14. (In Persian).
  9. Kabusi, K.and Jalini2015. Investigation of performance indicators and the role of delay reservoirs in the control of flood exiting the basin (case study: Jafarabad basin, Golestan province).Protection of water and soil resources.5(4): 35-46. (In Persian).
  10. Lopez- Moreno, J.I., Begueria, S. and Garcia-Ruiz, J.M. 2002. Influence of the Yesa reservoir on floods of the Aragon River, central Spanish Pyrenees. Hydrology and earth System Sciences, 6(4): 753-762.
  11. Magilligan, F.J. and Nislow, K.H. 2005. Changes in hydrologic regime by dams, Geomorphology 71:61–78.
  12. Moore, C.M. 1969. Effects of small structures on peak flow in: effects of watershed changes on stream flow. Texas Press: 101-117.
  13. Mostafazadeh, R. Simulation of the hydrological effects of corrective structures in order to evaluate the scenarios of flood control structures in the Jaafarabad watershed of Golestan province.Master's thesis in watershed management, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences. (In Persian).
  14. Nadimi, N., Zahtabian, G.and Malekian, A.Evaluating the role of watershed biological measures on flood reduction (case study: Yingje watershed).Journal of Watershed Research, Research and Construction, 96: 97-107. (In Persian).
  15. Parsa Mehr, M. R. Investigating the efficiency of the correctional structure in collecting sediment, a case study of Ghaz watershed in Kordkoi city.Master's thesis of Watershed Science and Engineering, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources (In Persian).
  16. Rogani, M. Investigating the role of water and soil protection structures in the control and storage of runoff (a case study in Haidari watershed).Watershed researches (research and development), 96: 36-44. (In Persian).
  17. Rogani, M., Tabatabai, S. M. R.and Shadfar, P. Evaluation of flood control operations and introduction of a method for determining flood control structures.Watershed Science and Engineering, 13: 51-60, Iran. (In Persian).
  18. Roshani, R. 2003. Evaluating the effect of check dams on flood peaks to optimize the flood control measures (Kan case study in Iran). Thesis submitted to the I.T.C institute for the degree of Master of Science, 54 pp.

Yoshikawa, N., Nagao, N. and Misawa, S. 2010. Evaluation of the flood mitigation effect of a Paddy Field Dam project. Agricultural Water Management, 97(2): 259 -270.