نویسنده
University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil 56199-11367, Iran
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نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
10.22034/wmji.2023.710722
چکیده
تجزیهوتحلیل تغییر کاربری/پوشش زمین و شناسایی محرکهای آن برای توسعه رویکردهای مدیریت پایدار زمین که منابع و خدمات بومسازگان را بازسازی میکند، ضروری است. این تحقیق به تجزیهوتحلیل تغییر کاربری/پوشش زمین بر پایه تصاویر ماهوارهای لندست 8 ((OLI/TIRS L1TP و نیز بررسی محرکهای اقتصادی-اجتماعی و حکمرانی آن بر پایه روش تحقیق پیمایشی (نظرسنجی خانوار) و مصاحبه با افراد مطلع کلیدی و دستاندکار در منطقه فندقلو در استان اردبیل در دو دهه گذشته میپردازد. نتایج تغییر خالص منفی در بومسازگانهای جنگل (5/187 هکتار) و مرتع (5/662 هکتار) را ثبت کرد، درحالیکه مناطق کشاورزی (1/587 هکتار) و انسانساز (6/267 هکتار) تغییر خالص مثبتی را نشان میدهد. تجزیهوتحلیل ماتریس تشخیص تغییر 20 ساله (1402-1382) نشان داد که حدود 26 درصد از منطقه موردمطالعه یک انتقال را تجربه کردند. بر اساس نتایج بررسی 11 عامل محرک اقتصادی-اجتماعی و حکمرانی، تغییر مشاهدهشده در بومسازگان به ترتیب ناشی از توسعه کشاورزی (91 درصد)، فقر (73 درصد)، فشار دام (68 درصد)، اجرای ضعیف قانون (65 درصد)، قاچاق چوب (62 درصد)، تقاضای فزاینده برای هیزم (60 درصد)، رشد جمعیت (44 درصد)، آتشسوزی (41 درصد)، اشکال ناسازگار گردشگری (40 درصد)، فاصله تا جاده (36 درصد) و استخراج معدن (11 درصد) بوده است. این محرکها آثار شدیدی بر در دسترس بودن خدمات بومسازگان، رفاه جامعه، تنوع زیستی و آبوهوا دارد. بنابراین، این مطالعه تلاشهای هماهنگ توسط ذینفعان را برای توسعه مدیریت مشارکتی بومسازگان و آگاهی عمومی توصیه میکند که همزیستی حفاظت از طبیعت و معیشت پایدار را در نظر میگیرد. درنهایت، توانمندسازی جوامع محلی، درک پویایی اراضی کشاورزی و مدیریت علل و پیامدهای تغییرات جمعیتی اخیر برای حفاظت از بومسازگان در این منطقه حیاتی است.
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