برآورد مساحت پوشش برف با به‌کارگیری تصاویر ماهواره‌ی لندست با استفاده از شاخص NDSI (مطالعه موردی: محدوده علم‌کوه)

نویسندگان
محمدرضا یوسفی روشن
رسول شریفی نجف آبادی
گروه آموزش جغرافیا، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران
10.22034/wmji.2024.2025474.1060
چکیده
با پیشرفت علم و فنّاوری، ماهواره‌های سنجش‌ازدور، کره زمین را به‌صورت دقیق و لحظه‌ای موردمطالعه و پایش قرار ‌می‌دهند. تصاویر ماهواره‌ای کاربردهای فراوانی دارد، برآورد سطح پوشش برف نقش مهمی در مطالعات هیدرولوژی دارد. شرایط سخت فیزیکی محیط‌های کوهستانی، امکان اندازه‌گیری زمینی جهت برآورد مساحت پوشش برف و تشکیل پایگاه داده‌ها وجود ندارد؛ به‌کارگیری تصاویر ماهواره‌ای و نرم‌افزارهای پردازش تصاویر به دلیل هزینه‌ی کم و پوشش وسیع؛ راهگشا بوده و در شناسایی مناطق برف‌گیر، برآورد مساحت پوشش برف و ارزیابی تغییرات آن؛ روش مناسبی است. هدف این تحقیق برآورد مساحت سطح پوشش نسبی برف است که به‌صورت نمونه قله علم‌کوه و محدوده آن در البرز غربی موردمطالعه قرارگرفته است. برای برآورد مساحت پوشش برف، از تصاویر ماهواره‌ی لندست به کار گرفته شد. از طریق نرم‌افزار ENVI نسخه 3/5 پیش‌پردازش، پردازش و ترکیب اطلاعات انجام شد و با استفاده از شاخص پوشش برف (NDSI) در طول چهار دوره یک سال پوشش برف جدا و از طریق شیب فایل در نرم‌افزار Arc Map مساحت پوشش برف در تاریخ‌های اخذ تصاویر برآورد و مقایسه گردید. برآورد مساحت پوشش برف در مناطق مرتفع کوهستانی، ضرورت به‌کارگیری داده‌های ماهواره‌ای را بیان نموده است. از نتایج روش فوق می‌توان به‌عنوان جایگزین ایستگاه‌های برف سنجی استفاده کرد و میزان آب ورودی حوزه‌های آبریز را برآورد نمود.
کلیدواژه‌ها
برآورد
پوشش برف
تصاویر
ماهواره
لندست
شاخص NDSI

عنوان مقاله English

Estimation of snow cover area using Landsat satellite images using NDSI index (Case study: Mountain Alamkuh range)

نویسندگان English

Mohammad Reza Yousefi Roshan
Rasul Sharifi Najafabadi
Department of Geography Education, Farhangian University,, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

With the progress of science and technology, remote sensing satellites study and monitor the earth in a precise and real-time manner. Satellite images have many applications, snow cover level estimation plays an important role in hydrology studies. Due to the harsh physical conditions of mountainous environments, there is no possibility of ground measurement to estimate the area of ​​snow cover and form a database; using satellite images and image processing software due to low cost and wide coverage; It is pioneering in identifying snow catchment areas, estimating the area of ​​snow cover and evaluating its changes; It is a good method. The purpose of this research is to estimate the area of ​​the relative snow cover surface, which is studied as a sample of Alam Kuh peak and its range in Alborzgharbi. Landsat satellite images were used to estimate the snow cover area. Through ENVI version 5/3 software, pre-processing, processing and combination of information was done and by using snow cover index (NDSI) during four periods of one year, snow cover was separated and through the slope of the file in Arc Map software, the area of ​​snow cover in history The images taken were estimated and compared. Estimating the area of ​​snow cover in high mountain areas has stated the necessity of using satellite data. The results of the above method can be used as a substitute for snow measuring stations and estimate the amount of water entering the catchment basins.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Estimate
Snow cover
Images
Satellite
Landsat
NDSI index
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