بررسی میزان و توزیع آلودگی میکرو پلاستیک تالابهای بینالمللی حوزه آبخیز اترک غربی (مطالعه موردی: تالاب های آلاگل، آلماگل و آجی گل)
نویسندگان
1
دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
2
گروه محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان
10.22034/wmji.2025.2057710.1110
چکیده
میکرو پلاستیکها بهعنوان یکی از مهمترین آلاینده های محیطزیست، بهویژه در بومسازگانهای آبی، شناخته می شوند. این ذرات از منابع مختلفی مانند تجزیه پلاستیک های بزرگ، محصولات آرایشی و بهداشتی، صنایع و فاضلاب های شهری وارد محیط های آبی می شوند و به دلیل مقاومت بالا در برابر تجزیه، اثرات مخربی بر سلامت آبزیان و بومسازگانها دارند. تالاب های آلاگل، آلماگل و آجیگل بهعنوان زیستگاه های مهم پرندگان مهاجر و منابع آبی ارزشمند در حوزه آبخیز اترک غربی، از اهمیت بالایی برخوردارند و بررسی وضعیت آلودگی آن ها میتواند شاخصی برای ارزیابی سلامت این بومسازگانها باشد. مطالعه حاضر به بررسی میزان میکرو پلاستیکها در این تالاب ها با دیدگاه تحلیل وضعیت آلودگی بومسازگانهای آبی حوزه اترک غربی پرداخته است. در این مطالعه، برای جداسازی میکرو پلاستیکها از روش جداسازی تراکم و هضم مواد آلی با پراکسید هیدروژن 30 درصد استفاده شد. نمونه ها پس از فیلتراسیون و خشککردن، با استریسکوپ دیجیتال موردبررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد میانگین فراوانی میکرو پلاستیکها در تالاب آلاگل 3/07 ذره، در تالاب آلماگل 2/13 ذره و در تالاب آجیگل 2/15 ذره در هر ۱۰۰ میلیلیتر آب بود. نتایج آزمون Kruskal-Wallis نشان داد تفاوت معناداری بین تالاب ها وجود دارد (0/0263=p) و تالاب آلاگل بیشترین میزان آلودگی را داراست. آزمون Dunn تفاوت معناداری را بین تالابهای آلاگل و آلماگل نشان داد (0/0175=p)، درحالیکه تالاب های آلماگل و آجیگل ازنظر آماری تفاوت معناداری نداشتند. پلیاتیلن ترفتالات، پلیاستایرن و پلیآمید ازجمله پلیمرهای غالب شناساییشده در نمونه ها بودند. این یافته ها نشاندهنده تهدید بالقوه میکرو پلاستیکها برای بومسازگانهای آبی و سلامت آبزیان است. این مطالعه لزوم توجه بیشتر به پایش و کنترل آلودگی میکرو پلاستیکها در تالاب ها و سایر بومسازگان آبی حوزه آبخیز را برجسته میکند. علاوه بر این، ارزیابی سلامت آبخیزها با تأکید بر تنوع شاخص های محیطزیستی و اجرای برنامه های جامع مدیریت آبخیزداری میتواند نقش مؤثری در کاهش تأثیرات مخرب این آلودگی ها بر بومسازگانهای آبی ایفا کند.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله English
Assessment of Microplastic Pollution in the International Wetlands of the Western Atrak Watershed (A Case Study of Alagol, Alma Gol, and Aji Gol Wetlands)
نویسندگان English
nazanin parsa
1
Hassan Rezaei
1
Somayeh Namroodi
2
Hossein Varaste Moradi
2
1
Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
2
, Department of Environment, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده English
Microplastics are recognized as one of the most significant environmental pollutants, particularly in aquatic ecosystems. These particles enter aquatic environments from various sources such as the degradation of larger plastics, cosmetic and personal care products, industrial processes, and urban wastewater. Due to their high resistance to decomposition, they pose detrimental effects on the health of aquatic organisms and ecosystems. Alagol, Almagol, and Ajigol wetlands, as essential habitats for migratory birds and valuable water resources in the Atrak Western Watershed, are of great importance. Assessing their pollution status can serve as an indicator for evaluating the health of these ecosystems. The present study examines the concentration of microplastics in these wetlands, with a focus on assessing the pollution status of aquatic ecosystems in the Atrak Western Watershed. In this study, microplastics were isolated using density separation and organic matter digestion with 30% hydrogen peroxide. After filtration and drying, the samples were examined using a digital stereoscope. The results indicated that the average abundance of microplastics in Alagol was 3.07 particles, in Almagol was 2.13 particles, and in Ajigol was 2.15 particles per 100 mL of water. The Kruskal-Wallis test revealed a significant difference between the wetlands (p = 0.0263), with Alagol exhibiting the highest level of pollution. Dunn’s post-hoc test showed a significant difference between Alagol and Almagol (p= 0.0175), whereas no statistically significant difference was observed between Almagol and Ajigol. Polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, and polyamide were among the predominant polymers identified in the samples. These findings underscore the potential threat of microplastics to aquatic ecosystems and the health of aquatic organisms. This study emphasizes the importance of increased attention to monitoring and controlling microplastic pollution in wetlands and other aquatic ecosystems within watersheds. Furthermore, assessing watershed health with an emphasis on the diversity of environmental indicators and implementing comprehensive watershed management programs can play a vital role in mitigating the detrimental impacts of this pollution on aquatic ecosystems.
کلیدواژهها English
Aquatic Ecosystem Pollution
Synthetic Polymers
Watershed Management
Water Pollution Monitoring
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