تحلیل تغییرات پارامترهای شیمیایی کیفیت آب در حوزه آبخیز بافق

نویسندگان
1 دانشیار، بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان فارس، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج
2 استادیار بخش تحقیقات بیابان، مؤسسه تحقیقات جنگلها و مراتع کشور، سازمان تحقیقات آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران، ایران.
3 استادیار بخش تحقیقات حفاظت خاک و آبخیزداری، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان کردستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و
4 دکتری تخصصی، اداره‌ی منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری شهرستان بافق، استان یزد، ایران.
10.22034/wmji.2025.2065092.1120
چکیده
آب زیرزمینی، منبع اولیه آب برای مصارف خانگی، کشاورزی و صنعتی در بسیاری از کشورها بوده و کاهش کیفیت آن به‌عنوان یکی از جدی‌ترین مشکلات شناخته‌شده است. کیفیت آب‌های زیرزمینی به ماهیت سنگ‌بستر، توپوگرافی، زمین‌شناسی، خاک، اقلیم، بارش جوی و کیفیت آب‌های تغذیه‌شده و منابع آلودگی انسانی ازنظر فعالیت‌های کشاورزی و صنعتی بستگی دارد. علاوه بر این، کیفیت آب‌های زیرزمینی می‌تواند با استفاده از واکنش‌های ژئوشیمیایی زیرسطحی مانند هوازدگی، انحلال، بارش، تبادل یونی و فرآیندهای مختلف بیولوژیکی تحت تأثیر قرار گیرد. به همین منظور پژوهش حاضر باهدف بررسی کیفیت آب شیمایی حوزه‌ی آبخیز بافق انجام‌شده است. داده و اطلاعات لازم کیفیت شیمیایی منابع آب زیرزمینی با مراجعه به سازمان تحقیقات منابع آب ایران و سازمان آب منطقه‌ای استان یزد و کرمان در دوره مشترک آماری 17 ساله از سال آبی 82-1381 تا سال آبی 98-1397 اخذ شد. به‌منظور تعیین تیپ آب، توالی غالبیت آنیون‌ها و کاتیون‌ها و تعیین فرایندهای هیدروشیمایی و ترکیبات شیمیایی آب از نمودار پایپر استفاده شد. با استفاده از نمودارهای ترکیبی و گیبس، به تعیین تیپ و رخساره‌ آب زیرزمینی و بررسی علل ایجادکننده آن‌ها پرداخته شد. نتایج نمودار پایپر نشان داد تیپ و رخساره‌ غالب در حوضه از نوع کلروره سدیک می‌باشد که بیانگر شور بودن آب زیرزمینی در این منطقه است. نتایج حاصل از نمودارهای ترکیبی نشان داد فرایند تبخیر، انحلال هالیت، تعویض کاتیونی، هوازدگی و انحلال سنگ‌ها و کانی‌ها به‌ویژه کربنات‌ها چون کلسیت، دولومیت و به مقدار کم‌تر ژیپس و سیلیکات‌ها و هم‌چنین فعالیت‌های کشاورزی و نفوذ آب‌های شور برگشتی حاصل از کشاورزی، از عوامل مؤثر بر کیفیت شیمیایی آب زیرزمینی هستند.
کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله English

Analysis of changes in water quality chemical parameters in the Bafgh watershed

نویسندگان English

Seyed Masoud Soleimanpour 1
S. Lotfinasab 2
O. Rahmati 3
M. Motamednia 4
1 Associate Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Fars Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Shiraz, Iran
2 Assistant Professor, Desert Research Department, Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran.
3 Assistant Professor, Soil Conservation and Watershed Management Research Department, Kurdistan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Sanandaj, Iran.
4 Ph.D., Natural Resources and Watershed Management Department, Bafgh County, Yazd Province, Iran.
چکیده English

Groundwater is the primary source of water for domestic, agricultural and industrial use in many countries, and its quality reduction is recognized as one of the most serious problems. The quality of underground water depends on the nature of bedrock, topography, geology, soil, climate, atmospheric precipitation and the quality of fed water and sources of human pollution in terms of agricultural and industrial activities. In addition, groundwater quality can be affected by subsurface geochemical reactions such as weathering, dissolution, precipitation, ion exchange, and various biological processes. For this purpose, the current research was conducted with the aim of investigating the chemical water quality of Bafgh watershed. The necessary data and information on the chemical quality of underground water sources were obtained by referring to the Iranian Water Resources Research Organization and the Regional Water Organization of Yazd and Kerman Provinces in a joint statistical period of 17 years from the water year 2002-2003 to the water year 2017-2018. In order to determine the type of water, the sequence of the dominance of anions and cations, and to determine the hydrochemical processes and chemical compositions of water, Piper's diagram has been used. By using composite and Gibbs diagrams, the type and facies of underground water were determined and their causes were investigated. The results of the Piper diagram showed that the dominant type and facies in the basin is of the Sodic chloride type, which indicates the salinity of the underground water in this area. The results of the composite diagrams show that the process of evaporation, dissolution of halite, cation exchange, weathering and dissolution of rocks and minerals, especially carbonates such as calcite, dolomite and to a lesser extent gypsum and silicates, also, agricultural activities and the infiltration of return saline water from agriculture are factors affecting the chemical quality of underground water.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Agriculture
Piper Diagram
Quality
Sources of pollution
Water Surface
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