ارزیابی میزان فرونشست با استفاده از تکنیک تداخلسنجی راداری دادههای ماهوارهای سنتینلیک مطالعه موردی: حوزه آبخیز برنجستانک استان مازندران
نویسندگان
1
دانشیار ژئومورفولوژی ، دانشکده برنامه ریزی و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
2
دانشجوی دکتری رشته ژئومورفولوژی، دانشکده برنامه ریزی وعلوم محیطی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران
10.22034/wmji.2025.2069425.1126
چکیده
فرونشست زمین یکی از مهمترین مخاطرات زمینریختشناسی در حوزههای آبخیز است و ارتباط مستقیمی با بهرهبرداری ناپایدار از منابع آب زیرزمینی دارد. این پدیده در اثر کاهش حجم آبخوانها و تراکم لایههای رسوبی موجب تغییر شکل و عملکرد طبیعی حوضه شده و پیامدهایی چون افت سطح زمین، تخریب زیرساختهای کشاورزی و عمرانی، کاهش نفوذپذیری خاک، افزایش رواناب سطحی و تشدید خطر سیلاب را به دنبال دارد. ازاینرو پایش نرخ فرونشست و بررسی عوامل مؤثر برای کنترل و مدیریت خطر ضروری است. این پژوهش به بررسی فرونشست در استان مازندران با تأکید بر حوزه آبخیز برنجستانک طی سالهای ۲۰۱۴ تا ۲۰۲۱ با روش تداخلسنجی راداری پرداخته است. دادههای ماهوارهای سنتینلیک در دو بازه زمانی مختلف با استفاده از نرمافزار SNAP پردازش و اینترفروگرامها برای اندازهگیری تغییرات سطح زمین ایجاد شد. در کنار دادههای راداری، نقشههای زمینشناسی، توپوگرافی، کاربری اراضی، دادههای چشمهها و مشاهدات میدانی جهت تبیین علل فرونشست به کار گرفته شد. نتایج نشان داد الگوی فرونشست حداکثر ۱۰ میلیمتر در سال و روند آن شرقی– غربی و شمالی– جنوبی بوده و بیشینه آن در بخشهای مرکزی، غربی و جنوبی مشاهده شد. وجود سازند شمشک و لایههای زغالدار در جنوب حوضه از عوامل مؤثر در افزایش نرخ فرونشست میباشد. همچنین همنهادسازی نقشههای فرونشست با کاربری اراضی نشان داد بیشترین نشست در زمینهای کشاورزی رخداده که علت اصلی آن برداشت بیرویه آب زیرزمینی به دلیل توسعه سریع مزارع و شالیزارهاست. راهکارهای مدیریتی شامل کنترل برداشت آب، اصلاح الگوی کشت و بهرهگیری از فناوریهای نوین آبیاری، مؤثرترین رویکرد برای کاهش این پدیده در منطقه موردمطالعه محسوب میشود.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله English
Land subsidence assessment in Berenjestanak watershed, Mazandaran Province, Iran, using Sentinel-1 InSAR time series
نویسندگان English
seyed Asadollah Hejazi
1
Sabikeh Rohanizadeh
2
1
Associate Professor, Department of Geomorphology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz. Iran.
2
PhD Student in Geomorphology, Faculty of Planning and Environmental Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz,
چکیده English
Land subsidence is one of the most significant geomorphological hazards in watershed areas and is directly associated with the unsustainable exploitation of groundwater resources. This phenomenon, resulting from the reduction of aquifer volume and the compaction of sedimentary layers, leads to deformation and disturbance of the basin’s natural functioning, causing consequences such as surface lowering, damage to agricultural and civil infrastructure, decreased soil permeability, increased surface runoff, and intensified flood risk. Therefore, monitoring the rate of land subsidence and analyzing its influencing factors are essential for effective hazard control and management. This study investigates land subsidence in Mazandaran Province, with a particular focus on the Baranjestanak watershed, during the period 2014–2021, using the radar interferometry (InSAR) technique. The Sentinel‑1 satellite data were processed within two distinct time intervals using the SNAP software, and interferograms were generated to measure surface deformation. In addition to radar data, geological maps, topography, land‑use layers, spring location data, and field observations were utilized to interpret and explain the causes of land subsidence. The results revealed a maximum subsidence rate of approximately 10 mm per year, exhibiting an east–west and north–south directional pattern. The highest deformation intensity occurred in the central, western, and southern sectors of the area. The presence of the Shamshak Formation and coal‑bearing strata in the southern part of the watershed was identified as one of the key factors contributing to the accelerated subsidence rate. Moreover, the spatial correlation between the subsidence maps and land‑use data revealed that the highest rates of ground subsidence occurred within agricultural areas, primarily due to excessive groundwater extraction following the rapid expansion of farmlands and paddy fields. Management strategies, including the regulation of groundwater withdrawal, modification of cropping patterns, and the adoption of advanced irrigation technologies, are recognized as the most effective approaches for mitigating this phenomenon within the studied region.
کلیدواژهها English
Radar interferometry
Berenjestanak watershed
Subsidence
SENTINEL 1
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