ارزیابی مدیریت منابع آب در ایران با رویکرد توسعه پایدار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده
مرجان بدری
رشته محیط زیست (برنامه ریزی و مدیریت)
10.22034/wmji.2024.2023701.1056
چکیده
آب نقش حیاتی در زندگی انسان دارد و برای بقای تمام موجودات زنده ضروری است. مدیریت مصرف آب برای حفظ منابع آبی و جلوگیری از بحران کم‌آبی اهمیت دارد. روش‌های مختلفی برای صرفه‌جویی در مصرف آب وجود دارد، ازجمله استفاده از تجهیزات کم‌مصرف، تعمیر نشتی‌ها و آموزش الگوهای مصرف بهینه به افراد جامعه. این اقدامات می‌توانند به کاهش هدررفت آب و بهبود کارایی استفاده از منابع آبی کمک کنند؛ بنابراین، اقدامات مؤثر درزمینه مدیریت و بهره‌وری از منابع آب ضروری است. ابزار پژوهش در این مطالعه، پرسشنامه‌ای است که توسط پژوهشگر تدوین‌شده است و شامل شاخص‌های مؤثر بر مدیریت پایدار منابع آب و توسعه پایدار می‌­باشد. در این پژوهش جهت تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌­ها از آزمون‌های همبستگی پیرسون، کروسکال والیس و رگرسیون در نرم‌افزار SPSS نسخه 25 استفاده شد. با توجه به نتایج حاصل از پرسشنامه مشخص شد مؤلفه ورود مدیریت مخاطرات آب با میانگین 4/7 مهم­ترین شاخص و مؤلفه ترویج تحقیقات و آموزش با میانگین 2/3 کم ­اهمیت‌­ترین مؤلفه را جهت مدیریت پایدار منابع آب و توسعه پایدار آب در کشور دارا می‌­باشند. مدل رگرسیونی پژوهش نشان داد در بین عوامل، عامل کارایی استفاده از آب، مشارکت مردم و تأمین آب برای نیازهای اساسی اثرگذاری و قدرت بیش‌تری را نسبت به بقیه ابعاد بررسی‌شده از خود نشان دادند. با توجه به یافته‌­های پژوهش می­‌توان گفت استفاده از منابع آب در کشور ایران بـا توسـعه پایـدار سـازگاری ندارد و ضعف مدیریت و بیلان منفی در حوزه‌های آبی و آب زیرزمینی ازجمله عوامل مهم کمبود منابع آب در کشور می‌­باشد؛ بنابراین پیاده‌سازی سیاست‌ها و طرح‌هایی که بهره‌وری در مصرف آب را افزایش دهند و درعین‌حال تأثیرات منفی بر محیط‌زیست را کاهش دهند به‌عنوان راهکار مدیریتی و بهره‌­گیری از شبکه عصبی مصنوعی در شناسایی منابع هدررفت آب در مطالعات آتی به‌عنوان راهکار علمی پیشنهاد می­‌گردد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
الگوی مصرف مناسب
سیاست‌گذاری ملی
مدیریت بهینه
آب

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of water resource management in Iran with a sustainable development approach

نویسنده English

marjan badri
Ph.d student Environment(planning and management), University of Science and Research in Tehran
چکیده English

Water plays a vital role in human life and is essential for the survival of all living organisms. Managing water consumption is crucial for preserving water resources and preventing water scarcity crises. Various methods for water conservation exist, including the use of water-efficient equipment, repairing leaks, and educating the community about optimal water usage patterns. These actions can contribute to reducing water wastage and improving the efficiency of water resource utilization. Therefore, effective measures in the management and efficiency of water resources are essential. The research tool in this study is a questionnaire developed by the researcher, encompassing indicators affecting sustainable water resource management and development. Data analysis in this research utilized Pearson correlation, Kruskal-Wallis, and regression tests in SPSS version 25 software. The questionnaire results identified the risk management component as the most important indicator with an average of 7.4, while the research and education promotion component had the lowest importance with an average of 2.3 for sustainable water resource management and development in the country. The regression model of the research showed that, among the factors examined, water efficiency, community participation, and water supply for basic needs demonstrated a more significant impact and influence compared to other dimensions. Considering the research findings, it can be concluded that water resource utilization in Iran is not compatible with sustainable development, and deficiencies in water and groundwater management are among the significant factors contributing to water scarcity in the country. Therefore, implementing policies and initiatives that increase water consumption efficiency while simultaneously reducing negative environmental impacts is proposed as a managerial solution, along with the utilization of artificial neural networks for identifying water wastage sources in future studies.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Appropriate Consumption Pattern
National Policy
Optimal Management
Water
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