تحلیل راهبردی حوزه آبخیز فرمشگان به کمک مدل تلفیقی SWOT-AHP با رویکردی کاربردی در مدیریت پایدار منابع طبیعی

نویسندگان
رویا قهرمانی 1
رضا قضاوی 2
مراد دارابی 3
رویا احمدی 4
1 دانش آموخته دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیز، گرایش حفاظت آب و خاک، گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه
2 استاد گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، اصفهان، ایران
3 دانش آموخته دکتری گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، حفاظت آب و خاک، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه یزد، ایران
4 دانش آموخته دکتری گروه مهندسی منابع طبیعی، حفاظت آب و خاک، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم زمین، دانشگاه کاشان، اصفهان، ایران
10.22034/wmji.2025.2055297.1103
چکیده
هدف از پژوهش حاضر، تحلیل جامع عوامل داخلی و خارجی حوزه آبخیز فرمشگان واقع در شهرستان کوار در استان فارس، باهدف ارائه راهبردهای اجرایی در راستای مدیریت پایدار منابع طبیعی است. در این چارچوب، ضمن شناسایی عوامل مؤثر (شامل وضعیت پوشش گیاهی، فرسایش خاک و کاربری اراضی)، از مدل تلفیقی SWOT-AHP برای اولویت‌بندی و تدوین راهبردهای مدیریت کارآمد حوضه استفاده‌شده است. در این راستا، از رویکرد ترکیبی SWOT-AHP به‌عنوان ابزار تصمیم‌گیری بهره گرفته‌شده است. ابتدا، با استفاده از تحلیل SWOT، نقاط قوت، ضعف، فرصت‌ها و تهدیدهای حوضه شناسایی و طبقه‌بندی شد. با توجه به چندمعیاره بودن مسئله پژوهش و ساختار سلسله‌مراتبی آن، ابتدا هدف، معیارها و زیرمعیارهای وابسته تعریف شدند. سپس برای تعیین وزن و اهمیت نسبی هر یک، از فرآیند تحلیل سلسله‌مراتبی AHP بهره گرفته شد. برای گردآوری داده‌ها، ماتریس مقایسات زوجی هر یک از مؤلفه‌ها و گروه‌ها با استفاده از نظرات 15 نفر از کارشناسان اداره منابع طبیعی تدوین و تکمیل شد. نتایج نشان داد که گروه قوت‌ها با داشتن وزن 0/436، گروه فرصت‌ها با وزن 0/221، گروه تهدیدها با وزن 0/176 و گروه ضعف‌ها با دارا بودن وزن 0/141 به ترتیب رتبه‌های اول تا چهارم را در این حوضه به خود اختصاص داده است. مطابق با رویکرد SWOT-AHP، مهم‌ترین زیرمعیار شناسایی‌شده در حوضه، تنوع گونه‌های گیاهی در ایجاد ظرفیت‌های تکمیلی مرتبط با گروه نقاط قوت بوده که دارای بالاترین وزن نهایی 0/1 است. نتایج این پژوهش می‌تواند به‌عنوان مبنایی کاربردی برای تصمیم‌سازی در حوضه‌های مشابه مورداستفاده قرار گیرد و در تدوین برنامه‌های اجرایی مدیریت منابع طبیعی و کاهش آسیب‌های ناشی از بهره‌برداری ناپایدار نقش مؤثری ایفا کند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
اولویت‌بندی معیارها
برنامه‌ریزی محیطی
تحلیل سلسله مراتبی
مدیریت حوزه آبخیز

عنوان مقاله English

Strategic Analysis of the Fermeshgan Watershed Using the Integrated SWOT-AHP Model: An Applied Approach to Sustainable Natural Resource Management

نویسندگان English

roya ghahremani 1
reza ghazavi 2
morad darabi 3
rooya ahmadi 4
1 Ph.D. in Watershed Science and Engineering, Soil and Water Conservation, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Isfahan, Iran
2 Professor, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Isfahan, Iran
3 Ph.D. in Watershed Science and Engineering, Soil and Water Conservation, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Yazd, Iran
4 Ph.D. in Watershed Science and Engineering, Soil and Water Conservation, Department of Natural Resources Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, University of Kashan, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده English

The aim of the present study is to conduct a comprehensive analysis of internal and external factors affecting the Fermeshkan Watershed, located in Kavar County, Fars Province, with the objective of formulating actionable strategies for sustainable natural resource management. Within this framework, influential factors—including vegetation cover status, soil erosion, and land use patterns—were identified, and the integrated SWOT-AHP model was employed to prioritize and develop effective watershed management strategies. The combined SWOT-AHP approach was utilized as a decision-making tool. Initially, through SWOT analysis, the watershed’s strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats were identified and categorized. Given the multi-criteria nature of the research problem and its hierarchical structure, the overall objective, criteria, and associated sub-criteria were first defined. Subsequently, the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was employed to determine the relative weight and importance of each component. For data collection, pairwise comparison matrices for each component and group were developed and completed based on the expert opinions of fifteen professionals from the Department of Natural Resources. The results indicated that the "Strengths" group ranked first with a weight of 0.463, followed by the "Opportunities" group with a weight of 0.221, the "Threats" group with a weight of 0.176, and finally the "Weaknesses" group with a weight of 0.141. According to the SWOT-AHP approach, the most significant sub-criterion identified in the watershed was the diversity of plant species in creating complementary capacities, which falls under the Strengths category and held the highest final weight of 0.10. The findings of this study can serve as a practical foundation for decision-making in similar watersheds and play a critical role in formulating operational plans for natural resource management and mitigating the adverse impacts of unsustainable exploitation.
The results indicated that the strengths group ranked first with a weight of 0.463, followed by opportunities (0.221), threats (0.176), and weaknesses (0.141). According to the SWOT-AHP approach, the most significant sub-criterion identified in the watershed was the diversity of plant species, which contributes to complementary capacities within the strengths category and had the highest final weight of 0.1.
Overall, implementing the SWOT-AHP method plays a crucial role in formulating a comprehensive strategic plan for watershed management. This approach maximizes the utilization of existing opportunities while effectively addressing challenges that may threaten the sustainable development of this sector.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)
Criteria Prioritization
Environmental Planning
Watershed Management
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