رویکرد یک آب-یک آبخیز

نویسندگان
مریم نقدی 1
سید حمیدرضا صادقی 2
1 دانشجوی دکتری علوم و مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، مازندران، ایران Maryam.Naghdi@modares.ac.ir
2 استاد گروه مهندسی آبخیزداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور، مازندران، ایران، رایانامه: Sadeghi@modares.ac.ir
10.22034/wmji.2025.2058101.1111
چکیده
بحران آب، به‌ویژه در مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک مانند ایران، به‌عنوان یکی از چالش‌های اصلی جهان امروز، ضرورت مدیریت جامع و پایدار منابع آب‌وخاک را نمایان ساخته است. عواملی همچون تغییرات اقلیمی، رشد جمعیت و توسعه ناپایدار، فشار زیادی را بر این منابع وارد کرده‌اند و طبیعتاً ضرورت تهیه و تبیین رویکردهای جدید و کارآمد را ایجاب نموده است. رویکرد یک آب-یک آبخیز (OWOW) که با تلفیق مؤلفه‌های محیط‌زیستی، اجتماعی و اقتصادی طراحی‌شده است، چارچوبی جامع برای مدیریت پایدار منابع آب ارائه می‌دهد. این رویکرد بر مشارکت فعال گروداران، استفاده از فناوری‌های پیشرفته و طراحی راهبرد‌های مدیریتی تأکید دارد و دستاوردهایی همچون حفاظت از منابع آب‌وخاک، کاهش فرسایش و آلودگی، بهبود معیشت جوامع محلی و تقویت پایداری بوم‎سازگان‎‌ها را به همراه داشته است. با توجه به تأکید این رویکرد بر حفاظت از منابع آب‌وخاک، بهبود معیشت جوامع محلی و تقویت پایداری بوم‌سازگان‌ها، این نوشتار باهدف معرفی و بررسی مبانی نظری، اصول اجرایی و مؤلفه‌های کلیدی رویکرد OWOW مشتمل بر مدیریت یکپارچه منابع آب، مشارکت گروداران، استفاده از فناوری‌های نوین و سازگاری با تغییرات اقلیمی تدوین‌شده است. هم‌چنین، با توجه به شرایط خاص مناطق خشک و نیمه‌خشک ایران، این مطالعه به بررسی قابلیت‌های اجرایی و چالش‌های پیش‌روی پیاده‌سازی این رویکرد در مدیریت پایدار منابع آب کشور می‌پردازد. امید است مفهوم ارائه‌شده بتواند به‌عنوان الگویی کاربردی برای سیاست‌گذاران و مدیران منابع آب مورداستفاده قرار گیرد.
کلیدواژه‌ها
پایداری بوم‎سازگان
حفاظت منابع آب‌وخاک
مدیریت بحران آب
مدیریت یکپارچه آبخیز

عنوان مقاله English

One Water-One Watershed Approach

نویسندگان English

Maryam Naghdi 1
Seyed HamidReza Sadeghi 2
1 Ph.D. Student in Watershed Sciences and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran Maryam.Naghdi@modares.ac.ir
2 Professor Department of Watershed Management Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor, Mazandaran, Iran, Email: Sadeghi@modares.ac.ir
چکیده English

The water crisis, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions such as Iran, has emerged as one of our most critical global challenges, underscoring the urgent need for integrated and sustainable management of water and soil resources. Factors such as climate change, population growth, and unsustainable development have exerted considerable pressure on these vital resources, thereby necessitating the development and implementation of innovative and effective management approaches. The "One Water–One Watershed" (OWOW) approach, which integrates environmental, social, and economic dimensions, offers a comprehensive sustainable water resource management framework. This approach emphasizes active stakeholder participation, using advanced technologies, and designing adaptive management strategies. It has demonstrated multiple benefits, including conserving water and soil resources, reducing erosion and pollution, improving local livelihoods, and enhancing ecosystem sustainability. Given its emphasis on environmental conservation and community well-being, this study aims to introduce and examine the theoretical foundations, implementation principles, and key components of the OWOW approach, including integrated water resources management (IWRM), stakeholder engagement, technological innovation, and climate resilience. Additionally, considering the specific conditions of Iran's arid and semi-arid regions, the study explores the practical feasibility and challenges associated with implementing this approach to sustain the country's water resources. The findings of this research are expected to serve as a practical guide for policymakers and water resource managers.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Ecosystem Sustainability
Integrated Watershed Management
Soil and Water Resource Conservation
Water Crisis Management
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