چکیده
آلودگی محیطزیست به فلزات سنگین یکی از مسائل و تهدیدات انسانی و محیطی اجتنابناپذیری است که جوامع بشری با آن روبرو است. پژوهش حاضر به ارزیابی میزان آلودگی رسوبهای حوزه آبریز زشک- ابرده به 11 عنصر سنگین (آرسنیک، کادمیوم، کبالت، کروم، مس، آهن، مولبیدن، نیکل، سرب، وانادیوم و آلومینیوم) پرداخته است. برای سنجش آلودگی از عاملهایی نظیر غنیشدگی، ضریب آلودگی، درجه آلودگی اصلاحشده، ضریب بار آلودگی، زمین انباشتگی و ریسک بومشناختی استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از محاسبه عامل غنیشدگی و ضریب آلودگی حاکی از آن است که عناصر موردبررسی، بدون غنیشدگی و یا غنیشدگی اندکی در منطقه دارند. با توجه به عامل آلودگی اصلاحشده نیز میتوان گفت همه مقادیر زیر 1/5 بوده و در رده بدون آلودگی تا آلودگی کم قرار میگیرند. ضریب بار آلودگی نیز نشان از این دارد که نمونهها در حوضه موردمطالعه آلودگی خاصی را نشان نمیدهند. نتایج عامل زمین انباشتگی بیانگر این است که تمامی عناصر موردمطالعه در منطقه مطالعاتی دارای مقادیر کمتر از صفر است که در طبقه بدون آلودگی قرار میگیرند. با توجه به ضریب پتانسیل ریسک بومشناسی حوضه دارای پتانسیل ریسک کم است. مقدار عامل ریسک بومشناسی 87/13 به دست آمد که بر این اساس میتوان گفت که وضعیت ریسک اکولوژیک رسوبات منطقه موردمطالعه به عناصر سنگین کم میباشد. با توجه به اینکه منطقه مطالعاتی از مناطق هدف گردشگری است و فعالیتهای انسانی میتواند باعث افزایش غلظت عناصر در رسوبات شود، باید برای کنترل آلودگی، برنامهریزیهای حفاظتی و مدیریتی صورت پذیرد.
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